Promoting Diversity at Workplaces

Introduction The success of contemporary business institutions lies on the capacity of the businesses to encourage and promote diversity.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Promoting Diversity at Workplaces specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Business institutions that embrace and emphasise on â€Å"†¦diversity in their working cultures can significantly benefit in a variety of ways, including indirectly improving their bottom line† (Agà ³cs Burr 2004, p. 33). Moreover, organizations that encourage diversity benefit from a motivated workforce, improved productivity and reduced absenteeism. Diversity assists organizations to introduce novel ideas, which help them to identify and exploit emerging business opportunities. Managers have the responsibility of promoting and nurturing diversity in an organization. This paper will discuss the role of managers in promoting diversity at workplaces. Besides, the pape r will discuss how one may promote diversity at workplaces. Role of managers Managers have the role of assessing diversity at workplaces. Combs alleges, â€Å"Managers ought to guarantee that they assess and evaluate organizational diversity, as part of their management responsibilities† (2002, p. 8). Managers are responsible for promoting and encouraging diversity at workplaces by coming up with employee satisfaction strategies that are tailored to the mission, vision and goals of the organization, and that of individual employees. Managers need to identify all the challenges that discourage diversity at workplaces and come up with relevant policies to address the challenges. Besides, managers need to re-evaluate their organizations to confirm if the organization attains the intended diversity (Combs 2002).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Apart from assessing diversi ty, managers have the role of developing a workplace plan that encourages diversity. Human resource managers have the responsibility of coming up with a diversity workplace plan that is measurable, attainable and comprehensive (Goodman 2001). Besides, the managers bear the responsibility of monitoring the diverse workforce to identify the required changes. A diverse workforce is susceptible to employee conflicts due to differing cultural practices. Hence, organizational managers ought to monitor the workforce to identify the potential conflicts and come up with measures to counter the conflicts. Organizational managers are responsible for implementing diversity as outline in the workplace plan. Organizations can hardly benefit from diversity without the managers’ commitment and devotion. Managers have the duty to integrate diversity guidelines into each feature of the business’s objective and function. Stances towards diversity start off from the managers and filter do wnward to other employees (Hannagan 2005). Therefore, it is hard for an organization to embrace diversity if managers have negative stance towards it. Managers’ participation and cooperation are critical to the establishment of a culture that embraces and promotes diversity. Employees can only uphold and support diversity if they are aware of its benefits. Consequently, it is the role of the organizational managers to educate the workforce concerning the benefits of diversity.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Promoting Diversity at Workplaces specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This guarantees that every employee acknowledges the importance of diversity at workplaces. Besides, managers are responsible for â€Å"leading change, fostering desired behaviours, and ensuring that diversity principles are integrated into the operations of the organization† (Hannagan 2005, p. 27). Implementing diversity Employ ee recruitment process plays a critical role in promoting and encouraging diversity at workplaces. Prior to hiring employees, organizations ought to understand their target customers. This would help them to make sure that their workers resemble the target community (Kirton Greene 2004). For organizations to hire workforce that matches the target population, they have to come up with a recruitment strategy that caters for diversity. Managers may liaise with local institutions like cultural institutions, churches, and colleges. These institutions can help an organization to reach job hunters from diverse backgrounds, thus helping in recruiting a diverse workforce. Additionally, an organization may request for referrals from its existing workforce. At times, employees may be aware of qualified individuals who are in need of jobs (Thompson 2003). Hence, liaising with employees may help an organization to reach these individuals and enrich its diverse workforce. Another approach that o rganizations can employ to establish diversity at workplaces is, â€Å"to develop and implement an equal opportunity employment policy† (Kossek, Markel McHugh 2003, p. 331). This would help an organization to â€Å"come up with a meritorious recruiting practice, which is gender, race, minority, and age neutral† (Kossek, Markel McHugh 2003, p. 333).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Organizational managers may establish a committee to assist in the implementation of the policy and to identify the changes to make in order to promote and encourage diversity. During the recruitment process, organizations ought to structure their job descriptions in ways that attract job hunters from diverse backgrounds. Besides, organizational leaders ought to be culturally receptive when marketing their organizations (Kossek, Markel McHugh 2003). This would help to source employees from varied cultural backgrounds, thus establishing a diverse workforce. Offering diversity training at the workplace would go a long way towards establishing a diverse workforce in an organization. Business institutions have to ensure that all employees appreciate that the institution’s recruitment process aims at hiring the best employees (Lennie 2000). In addition, the recruiting team need to be aware of the merits of hiring a diverse workforce. The recruitment process should be open and tra nsparent. This would avoid chances of some employees being cynical. Cynicism at the workplace may discourage cooperation between employees with diverse cultural background. A quota of the employees may deem others as inferior, thus treating them with contempt. Nevertheless, recruiting all staff in an open and transparent manner would lead to every employee appreciating the role of the other in helping the organization to achieve its goals. Hence, it would promote cooperation among the employees regardless of their cultural background (Lewthwaite 2006). Organizational managers need to give new recruits a reason to stay and devote their energy to the organization. Managers require devoting their energy in keeping new recruits. It is the duty of the organizational managers to ensure that new employees are conversant with organizational culture and new jobs. Managers need to assure the employees that they made the right decision by opting to work with the organization through guaranteei ng them of their future in the organization (Rosenzweig 2004). They can achieve this by educating them about the possible ways of enhancing their skills and advancing. Moreover, organizations can establish mentorship programs to strengthen ties between employees and organizational leaders. This endeavour would help in retaining a diverse workforce. Conclusion Workforce diversity plays a significant role in enhancing organizational success. An organization that has a diverse workforce benefits from a motivated workforce, improved productivity and reduced absenteeism. Organizational managers have the duty to promote diversity at workplaces. They have the role of assessing and implementing a workforce plan that promotes diversity. Organizations need to encourage diversity starting from the recruitment process. They need to come up with recruitment policies that offer equal opportunities to all people regardless of their cultural affiliation. Besides, organizations ought to offer divers ity training to employees and give them a reason to work and stay in the organization. Reference List Agà ³cs, C Burr, C 2004, ‘Employment equity, affirmative action and managing diversity: assessing the differences’, International Journal of Manpower, vol. 17 no. 5, pp.30 – 45. Combs, G 2002, ‘Meeting the leadership challenge of a diverse and pluralistic workplace: Implications of self-efficacy for diversity training’, Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies, vol. 8 no. 4, pp. 1-16. Goodman, D 2001, Promoting Diversity and Social Justice: Educating People from Privileged Groups, Sage Publications, Inc., California. Hannagan, T 2005, Management: Concepts and Practices (4th ed.), Prentice Hall, Essex. Kirton, G Greene, A 2004, Dynamics of Managing Diversity (2nd ed.), Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford. Kossek, E, Markel, K McHugh, P 2003, ‘Increasing diversity as an HRM change strategy’, Journal of Organizational Change Management, vol. 16 no. 3, pp. 328 – 352. Lennie, C 2000, ‘Valuing diversity, part 1: Making the most of cultural differences at the workplace’, Personnel, vol. 65 no. 6, pp. 52-60. Lewthwaite, J 2006, Managing People for the First Time: Gaining Commitment and Improving Performance, Thorogood, London. Rosenzweig, P 2004, ‘Managing the new global workforce: fostering diversity, forging consistency’, European Management Journal, vol. 16 no. 6, pp. 644-652. Thompson, N 2003, Promoting Equality: Challenging discrimination and oppression (2nd ed.), Palgrave Macmillan, London. This essay on Promoting Diversity at Workplaces was written and submitted by user Giselle Marsh to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Cohabitation essays

Cohabitation essays I woke up around one pm that day. I had a night job in the city of Rochester and that started at 6pm so I had to get ready. After getting ready. I would go to my friend Davids house where I had my computer because at the time he had cable internet and we would play games before I had to go to work. He waited for me and tried to call and thought that maybe I just went to work. He thought it was odd that I didnt come or answer my phone. I was driving my car the same way I always went to go to my friends. I had a little 1991 Mercury Tracer. I was driving down the rode jamming to music and coming around my last corner before the city of Rochester. I couldnt wait till I got to Davids house. Then everything went black. Once I woke up I wasnt moving no more and wasnt really sure what was going on. It went black again. Then everything came to me again and I looked down and noticed my leg was split in half. I thought to me self how I could have fallen asleep. Back to unconscious I went. I became conscious again and the fireman where breaking the windows so they could use the Jaws of Life to remove the roof of my car so they could pull me out. Once they were down with the roof they put me on a stretcher and pulled me out and I screamed because I have never felt that much pain and everything went black for the last time. I woke up again and it was about 6am and notice I was breathing but it wasnt me that was breathing. I started to freak out and finally the nurse noticed I woke up and started to calm me down. After awhile the finally removed the tube from my throat and I could finally breath on my own and talk again. About an hour later my mom finally came in and told me that I was in a head on head car crash and I said to her I didnt fall asleep and go into the ditch. I was still kind of out of it cause all of the drugs I was on and I said ...

Business Process and Modelling

1. Organizational structure is part of the strategic management approach use by the management while embracing their management functions, it refers to how activities such as the supervision, task allocation, and coordination are redirected towards achieving the set organizational structure. It is also explained to be achieving the organizational objectives through people in their working environment  (Frank, 2014). The functional structure is commonly used organizational structure, it is the type of the organizational structure in which organizational activities are grouped into groups and department such as finance, information communication department, and marketing. It is commonly used by large and small organizations  (Yu, 2013). By grouping the organizational activities into group enhances utilization of the human resource strategic management approach such as motivation and job performance appraisal to employee. The grouped department in the organization will also be able to make the right decisional making which will ensure proper operation in the organization. The disadvantage is that practical offices may turn out to be excessively effective, regularly dismissing the association  (Doumeingts, 2016). 2. A functional information system is an approach that provides significance information relating specific groups and activities and other vital information regarding the management controls. The functional information system in an organization plays a key role in making fundamental decisions that will lead to achieving the organizational goals and objectives. Decision-making process implies making decision which will be functional while planning the future operations of the organization. An information system is an organization facilitated the noble operations which will lead the form into gaining the competitive advantage in a business environment. It also allows the organization faces important communication process. Information systems may not work legitimately which influences the running of the business. This can bring about framework separate, intruding on smooth operations and buyer disappointment. Deficient information systems can convey wrong information to different systems which could make issues for the business and its clients. Information systems are additionally vulnerable to hackers and frauds. 3. Enterprise systems support the whole procedure as opposed to parts of the procedure. Moreover, enterprise systems are not only backing the execution of individual exercises in a procedure, they additionally help the association coordinate work across the functional units. This coordination further decreases delays, avoids excess stock, and expands visibility. Apparently the intricacy of dealing with the information across whole procedures, it is not practical to depend on physically associating useful data frameworks by printing data from one framework and rekeying it into the following framework. In this way, notwithstanding moving from storehouses to procedures, associations should likewise move from practically engaged data frameworks to coordinated venture frameworks  (Bannister, 2015). 4. The functional view of an organization is focusing on the skills and the expertise relevant to fulfill certain business functions at the different organizational level.   While the process view of the organization is based on the different stages of production process in the organization. Communication in functional view of the organization takes place at the departmental level, while in process view communication and related decision take place in the process stages  (Doumeingts, 2016). Process view is commonly used strategic management in today’s business environment, it allows managers to establish and focus on the relevant skill required in the production process of the organization  (Frank, 2014). 5. The three-way match is a payment verification approach that is used by accounting and procurement department while procuring supplies to the organization, it implies when one party A receives an invoice it will be the same with one party B is having. The documents used in the three-way match are invoice, purchase order, and receive report  (Tang, 2016). 6. Bill of material is embraced to be an essential part of manufacturing, it comprises list of part, sub-assemblies, and assemblies used in creating the final products. The bill of material explains what to be bought as well as instruction of how to assemble the products. While product routing in manufacturing explains the steps and procedures which will be used in creating the final products. Routing states the process and related task required while creating to new final products  (Morecroft, 2015). 7.  The manual business process is influenced by the different key problem, this limits the operation of the organization. The manual business system takes more efforts and physical space to track the paper documents when errors are to be corrected the data are to be completed and redone rather being updated. Customer service may is also affected by the essentiality of manual and paper business process in the organization, accessing the customer information may be difficult since the customer details are stored in different places  (Davenport, 2013). To eliminate this manual works, the company should adopt the use of new technology such as accounting packages and other related software’s, this will seek toward reducing and eliminating fully the key problem associated with the manual business process  (Frank, 2014). 8. Make to order (MTO) is a business production strategy that normally allows the customers to buy products that are customized to their determinations. This strategy just makes the final products once the customer places an order. This creates an extra time for the customer to get the product, yet considers more adaptable customization contrasted with obtaining from retailers. Make to order (MTO) strategy eases the issues of over the top inventory that is normal with the conventional make to stock (MTS) strategy. Therefore the advantage of Make to order is to reduce production of excess stock to the market  (Fleischmann, 2014). While the Made to Stock strategy is a traditional production strategy used by many business organization to match the level of production and inventory in relation to the customer demands and forecast, Made to Stock strategy requires to the company to exceptionally make an accurate forecast of demands in the market in order to determine the level of stock to be produced. One of the drawbacks of Made to Stock strategy is that it only relies on the accuracy of the forecasted demands  (Frank, 2014). 9. Globalization is defined to be the integration of people, business organization, and governments. The process of globalization is created as a result of agreement between firm and the governments, this is to improve the operation of every business organization  (Yu, 2013). Adopting of new innovation and technology is one of the response and the positive impact of globalization on the organization, this implies when the organization used different technology to undertake their business activities. Expansion in the market environment is also amongst the response of the globalization in relation to the impact on the organizations. Low-Priced Workforce and Raw Materials is an impact of globalization to operating business organization, it implies when the company responds to the effects of low labor and raw material. An organization may access the important factors by entering into an agreement with other operation firms from different regions  (Cross, 2016). 10. Product view is explained to be an element of marketing information system. It is defined to be process of understating the product concepts, design requirement, product target market, pricing and positioning strategy. The product view allows the customer and all the stakeholders to review the product in the market, their views may be used to improve the image, design and the specification of the product  (Frank, 2014). 11. Systems Applications and Products allows the organization to track business operation in relation to customer and their interaction with the business. Organizational data refers to the data relating to the structure and mode of the organization. Examples include sales and raw material data. Transactional data are data that support the daily operation of an organization, they comprise the automotive systems that facilitate daily business process. Example include payment methods and discount received and allowed  (Fleischmann, 2014). Master data plays a primary role in business process, it refers to the key organizational entities that are utilized by a few useful groups and are regularly put away in various data frameworks over a business enterprise. Moreover, master data represents the business entities around which the organization business transactions are executed and the essential components around which analysis are conducted. An example includes data relating to employee performance, product, and supplies  (Bannister, 2015). 12. Raw materials. Ordinarily, raw materials are obtained from a seller and are not sold to end-clients  (Yu, 2013). Semi-Finished products. They are normally created from crude materials and are utilized to deliver finished merchandise. Cases: front wheel gatherings. Finished goods. This is made by the production procedure from different materials, for example, raw and semi-finished products. Trading goods. Like raw materials, these are purchased from a merchant. Additional preparing of the material preceding exchanging is not performed. Bannister, R. B. J. a. J. H., 2015. Conceptual Product Planning. In 2015 26th Annual SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference (ASMC) (pp. . IEEE.. s.l.:s.n. Cross, D., 2016. Globalization and Media’s Impact on Cross Cultural Communication: Managing Organizational Change. Handbook of Research on Effective Communication, Leadership, and Conflict Resolution. s.l.:s.n. Davenport, T., 2013. Process innovation: reengineering work through information technology.. s.l.:Harvard Business Press. Doumeingts, G. a. B. J. e., 2016. Modelling techniques for business process re-engineering and benchmarking. s.l.:Springer. Fleischmann, A. B. E., 2014. Subject-oriented business process management. Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated.. s.l.:s.n. Frank, U., 2014. Multi-perspective enterprise modeling: foundational concepts, prospects and future research challenges. Software & Systems Modeling,. In: s.l.:s.n., pp. 941-962. Geissdoerfer, M. B. N. a. H., 2016. Design thinking to enhance the sustainable business modelling process–A workshop based on a value mapping process. Journal of Cleaner Production, 135(4), pp. 1218-1232. Gerlitz, L., 2016. Design management as a domain of smart and sustainable enterprise: business modelling for innovation and smart growth in industry 4.0." entrepreneurship and sustainability issues .. s.l.:s.n. Jonsson, P. a. M. S., 2016. Advanced material planning performance: a contextual examination and research agenda.. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, , 46(9). Morecroft, J., 2015. Strategic modelling and business dynamics: A feedback systems approach.. ed. s.l.:John Wiley & Sons.. Tang, M. a. L. B., 2016. Special issue on financial and business modelling and simulation. International Journal of Modelling and Simulation, pp. 1-1. Yu, E. H. J. .., 2013. Business modeling for business intelligence. Synthesis Lectures on Data Management. s.l.:s.n.

Investigation of variables for monitoring muscle fatigue in EMG Essay

Investigation of variables for monitoring muscle fatigue in EMG recordings - Essay Example Here the assessments are based on the analysis of signals produced during the activity of the muscle; contraction or relaxation. There are many algorithms used available for estimating the amplitude, frequency variables and conduction velocity of the surface EMG signal detected during voluntary contractions. Here the most widely accepted algorithms are studied and its advantages and drawbacks are outlined. Here the focus is made on the frequency analysis of surface EMG signal. The results obtained during the frequency analysis of surface EMG signifies the behavior of test signals based on mean and median frequency variables acquired using PSD estimation methods, namely Autoregressive and Periodogram. Here an electromyograph is record the signals generated during the electrical or neurological excitation of the muscle cells and these recorded signals are then subjected to spectral analysis. The frequency responses of the signals are considered assessments are made accordingly. â€Å" Surface EMG signals are decomposed into 32-subbands by using a cosine modulated filter bank. Both the instantaneous mean frequency (IMF) and the instantaneous amplitude (IA) are estimated from the sub bands and are used as indicators of muscle fatigue† (McGoron, et al, 2009, P. 267). Table of Contents 1. Introduction 7 1.1. Power spectral density (PSD) 7 1.2. Spectrum estimation techniques 8 1.2.1. Fast Fourier transforms 9 1.2.2. Blackman turkey approach 10 1.2.3. Autoregressive method 11 1.2.4. Auto regressive moving average model 12 1.3 EMG 13 1.4. Application of PSD in EMG 13 2. Literature on Application 14 3. Discussion 17 3.1 deterministic function 18 3.2. Stochastic function 18 3.3 induction of autoregressive approach 19 4. Results 31 4.1. Deterministic 31 4.1.1. Test signal 1 31 4.1.2 Test signal 2 37 4.2. Stochastic 46 4.2.1. Test signal 4 46 4.2.2 Test signal 5 53 4.2.3 Test signal 6 57 5. Advantages of EMG and PSD 63 5. Conclusion 64 1. Introduction: At the present era medical literature considers human muscle fatigue as a physical phenomenon that starts during the onset of a muscle contraction and develops progressively until the muscle cannot generate force, the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) reduces during muscle fatigue. Here spectral analysis is used to examine the nature of signals recorded in the electromyograph due the electrical activity of the muscle fibers. 1.1 power spectral density (PSD): Power spectral density (PSD) is the frequency response of a random or periodic signal and indicates where power is distributed as a function of frequency. PSD is deterministic and for certain types of random signals independent of time. It shows the strength and weakness of the signals at different frequency levels. The frequency level of the signal is drawn against time to get the spectra. Waveform can be represented by a plot of amplitude versus frequency together with a plot of phase versus frequency, respectively known as the amplitude a nd phase spectra. Amplitude and phase

Reconstructing gender Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Reconstructing gender - Essay Example The concept of sexual schizophrenia has neutralized the demeaning male attitude towards women due to the female gender’s engagement in sports. Women are currently not viewed as objects of sexuality since they have gripped a stable position in the modern society by playing equal roles as their male counterparts. As a result, women are not only viewed as cheerleaders in sports but actual players in every sporting competition (Disch, 2008). Women tend to have different reactions towards the alleged male attitude towards sexuality. Most women in the youth age consider the male attitude towards them as an appraisal while those in the mature age find it diminishing. As a woman, Sabo’s description of male sexuality is true since women are viewed as stereotypes of the physical concept of sexuality. Pornography is the overt presentation of sexual acts in films as well as printed material. Robert Jensen provides his life experience with pornography which explains how the porn industry reinforces and upholds the patriarchy. According to Jensen, women exist to provide their male counterparts with sexual excitement. This portrays that women are only used as sexual objects to promote arousing feeling in pornographic materials (Disch, 2008). Robert Jensen argues that in most pornographic films upholds and reinforces the Patriarchy by the introduction of anal sex. In his argument, he explains the concept behind this act being men’s, revenge to women’s bitchy characters. This shows that the female role is overpowered by the male position in the society thus portraying patriarchy. The introduction of multiple sexual partners also displays a sense of patriarchy as in most pornographic films; a man is given more than one woman to relate with sexually. This encourages polygamy in which is based on the male dominance according to the African society. Patriarchy promotes gender imbalance in the current

Slave History Essay Example for Free

Slave History Essay Summary I American Slavery, American Freedom written by Edmund S. Morgan captures the history of Virginia while keeping focusing on the social and political elements that uplifted the way of slavery. With the focus on Virginia, the book also probes the central paradox of American history: how a people could have developed the dedication to human liberty and dignity exhibited by the leaders of the American Revolution and at the same time have developed and maintained a system of labor that denied human liberty and dignity every hour of the day (pg. 4-5). The key to the paradox is presented in Virginia, the nations largest slave state and primary source of the ideology and leadership. Also the source of conditions which made slavery and freedom possible was discovered through the state of Virginia by the political and social history being discovered. According to Morgans preface, enslavement took more hold on the nations freedom than one may conclude. Indeed the freedom of free, the growth of freedom experienced in the American Revolution, depended more than we like to admit on the enslavement of more the 20 percent of us at that time. According to the book, The rise of liberty and equality in America had been accompanied by the rise of slavery (pg.4)†. Throughout book one of American Slavery, American Freedom the author discusses the start of the poor relationship between the American Indians and the Virginia colonist, and the increase of tobacco as an important crop grown by the slaves of Virginia. It was Virginia slave who grew most of tobacco that helped buy American independence (pg.5-6). The hostility began at the ill-fated Roanoke colony among the England colonist and Indians. Unlike the founders of Roanoke, Virginia refuse to depend on the Indians for subsistence and when the king placed the Virginians in charge, they could not capture the thought of the Indians being a part of the colony as well as slaves, and therefore suffered a labor shortage. The poor character from the immigrants resulting in unwillingness to work contributed to Virginias failure to provide and care for itself. Therefore, Virginia decided to give the land away to planters in hope to promote a better style of productivity and working in the new world becomes the new motive. However, similar to Morgan’s American Slavery, American Freedom, Sowande Mustakeem article also tells of slavery in a New  World. â€Å"She must go overboard, and shall go overboard†¦Ã¢â‚¬  by Sowande Mustakeem takes its reader through the journey of the middle passage while discussing the conditions of the environment, the relationship between the slaves and crewmen, as well as disease. The article begins by stating its purpose of the story telling of human life and lost contributing to, and bringing together several fields of knowledge (Mustakeem 302). In the article the author uses a black woman, anonymously, as a key point towards the slave ship experience. The black woman is diseased with the small pox, which held an exception place throughout the early modern Atlantic World at sea and even more on land creating on intensively fearful climate and also lacked the answer of treatment (Mustakeem 303-304). Due to her terrible illness the black woman was forced to be isolated from the rest of the ship. Already traumatized by the physical and emotional separation from her homeland the black woman was placed on the main top of the ship’s vessel where she then remained for two days alone. Her illness became worst and fear began to emerge. There were several ways today the black woman’s small pox diseases could have been cured; however, because of the lack of medical resources during the time being, there was little the captain and his crew men could do. It was either to keep the black woman aboard and endanger the captain’s crew and cargo or get rid of the woman and cease the spread of small pox. The risk of the woman’s health quickly became the centerpiece of the men’s conversation, and a decision had to be made. Wanting to save the cargo and crew, Captain D’Wolf came to the conclusion that there weren’t any alternatives and that the black woman was to be thrown overboard, whether dead or alive, into the sea. Some believe that many slave owners, traders, and anyone who participated in slave trading dehumanized slaves, although D’Wolf crew men seemed to have a heart towards the black woman, thus realizing she too was human and had feelings just like him. â€Å"Not everyone however, was completely convinced by D’Wolf’s argument. According to John Cranston, none of the sailors tried to overturn D’Wolf’s decision, but several indicated â€Å"that they would not have any Thing to do with it (Mustakeem 306-307).†Ã¢â‚¬  Strapped to a chair, while silenced and sightless by clothe the woman was lowered into the waters of the sea by the crewmen, forced to be a member of the unknown just like her disease. When it comes to American Slavery, American Freedom Preface and Book I in relation to †She  must go overboard, and shall go overboard†¦Ã¢â‚¬  the two demonstrated that there is more than just slaves, slave owners, and slave traders. There is the origin of the slave trade, the founding father s, the state of Virginia, the strategies, methods, conditions and circumstance, and much more. There was also the connection of the unknown that frightened many. For instance, the Indians, Spaniards, tobacco, and unwillingness to work presented in Morgan’s reading. As well as the small pox disease presented in Mustakeem’s reading. No one knew or quite understood what change and difference could do so many were closed minded. Another connection I noticed between the two is that everyone was trying to support and provide for their selves the best way they knew how in the New world, much similar to today’s society. Although we do not know if anyone had a family to provide and make a way for, but if so that could have been a motive towards their involvement in slavery. I know if I had a family and it was between to have to struggle or make a standard living from slave trading, I would have shifted towards slavery myself, although I would have a heart just like D’Wolf’s sailors, but that just a thought. What I believe is a key comparison between the two readings is the unknown. The unknown is pretty scary. Questions linger and confused feelings com about. However, the unknown we must not be frightened by but instead intrigued because within the unknown the truth lies and may be known.

Emily Brontës Wuthering Heights :: essays research papers fc

What usually comes to mind when one thinks of Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights? Most will visualize tortured lovers against the extraordinary moors. Perhaps one will even recall the scene of one lover, Heathcliff, opening the grave of his Catherine to dig a space where they can be joined eternally. Yet another equally powerful emotion appears throughout the novel as an antithesis to love, that of revenge. Revenge first forms the basis of the actions of Hindley, the Earnshaw son, toward Heathcliff. Later revenge is mirrored in the vengeful actions of Heathcliff after he loses Catherine. In the process of gaining revenge, both characters lose their own humanity and their souls.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hindley Earnshaw, the son and heir, reacts badly to his father’s bringing home a stray gypsy boy from the streets of Liverpool and to demands that Heathcliff be treated like his own brother. Both Catherine, his sister, and Hindley refuse â€Å"to have it in bed with them, or even their own room† at night so that Heathcliff has to sleep on the landing outside (Bronte 41). While Catherine learns to love Heathcliff, Hindley spends his days in revenge toward the intruder, especially after Heathcliff becomes Mr. Earnshaw’s â€Å"favorite† (42). Hindley’s beatings of Heathcliff further alienate Mr. Earnshaw, who is infuriated â€Å"when he discovered his son persecuting the poor, fatherless child, as he called him† (42). Hindley regularly beats Heathcliff and threatens to turn Heathcliff out in the cold when Mr. Earnshaw dies (43). When Heathcliff blackmails Hindley into swapping colts for the secret beatings, Hindley shows reas ons for his jealousy toward Heathcliff, â€Å"Take my colt, gipsy, then, and I pray that he may break your neck, you beggarly interloper! And wheedle my father out of all he has† (43). When Mr. Earnshaw dies and Hindley returns from college to claim his inheritance, he takes his revenge unchecked. â€Å"He drove him from their company to the servants, deprived him of the instructions of the curate, and insisted that he should labour out of door instead, compelling him to do so as hard as any other lad on the farm† (49). He also orders floggings for Heathcliff and deprives him of even speaking to Catherine, whom he loves dearly, after an adventure at the Lintons. All these punishments Heathcliff could have stood except when he finally realizes that Hindley has made it impossible for Catherine to marry him. He overhears Catherine explain to Nelly, â€Å"If the wicked man in there had not brought Heathcliff so low, I wouldn’t have thought of it [marriage to Edgar Lindley].

Overview of Accounting Essay

The audiences of financial statements and managerial reports include the shareholders, employees, prospective employees, customers, suppliers, the government, the stock exchanges, investors, lenders and the public at large. What is important is that each audience has a different perspective in reading the financial statements and managerial reports. For example, a lender would like to know the leverage of the company, if it has the capacity to service debt and if the loans to the company would be well secured. There are several purposes served in preparing financial statements and managerial reports. The financial statements are designed to show its audience, the companies finances, that is how the company got its finances, what it was used for and where is it being currently used (Luecke, R. 2002). For this purpose there are four main financial statements that is the income statement, the cash flow statement, the balance sheet and the statement of shareholders equity. In general an income statement has the purpose of showing how much revenue a company earned in a period of time, the balance sheet shows the company’s assets, liabilities and shareholders equity, the cash flow statement shows the inflow and outflow of cash and the purpose of the statement of shareholders equity is to show changes in the ownership of company’s shareholders over a period of time. The nature of the income statement is in the form of a report that shows the costs and expenses that the businesses incurs in order to earn its revenue. It gives the net earnings of the company. The nature of balance is such that it provides point wise information about the assets, liabilities and shareholders equity. The nature of a businesses balance sheet is such that it is set up like the basic accounting equation. Usually on the left hand side the companies list the assets and on the right hand side they list their liabilities with the shareholders’ interest at the bottom. This arrangement differs from country to country. For instance, in some countries the assets are listed on the right hand side. However, the basic nature of the balance sheet remains the same. The nature of the cash flow statement is such that it can inform its audience if the business generated cash or not. The cash flow statement is a report that shows cash changes over time instead of exact currency amounts at a point in time. It simply uses and rearranges information from the balance sheet and income statement of the business. The most important report that is issued by the management of a company is the annual report (Stittle, J. 2003). The nature of this report is such that it has detailed financial and business information required by law of the country in which the company is registered, modern annual reports have impressive pictures and stories that eulogize the company’s performance in the past year. The information contained in this report can help the audience make informed and ethical decisions. In the USA the SEC requires that the audited annual report be sent to every shareholder at the end of the year. In this the management comments about the future. Form 10-K required to be filled in the USA ha more detailed financial information. The company’s financial performance is described in a section of the quarterly or annual report that is called â€Å"Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation,† In this section of the Annual Report the management describes its own understanding of the financial condition of the company. The management in this section of the annual or quarterly report describes what it understands of the current financial condition of the business. It also gives its view of the relevant trends and challenges that the business faces. This allows the audience to see the financial condition of the business from the perspective of management and allows the audience to make informed and ethical decisions. In other words it provides the audiences the background that is required to study and understand the financial statements. Financial accounting information can be used in making informed and ethical business decisions. How? The income statement shows the earning per share, a calculation that tells you how much you as a shareholder would receive if the company distributed all its earnings. This allows you to make an invest/ non invest decision. Giving more information about the financial health of the company is the cash flow statement. It divides cash flow into flows from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities. This informs not only the investors but also the management, employees, suppliers and customers about the source of cash for the company and allows them to make better decisions. The footnotes of the reports give important information that helps make efficient and ethical decisions. The footnotes refer to stock options, pension plans, income taxes and important accounting policies and practices. For example, a company may be showing an inflated profit figure because its accounting practices have changed but reading the footnotes helps the audiences make better decisions and ethical decisions with regards to the company. To make ethical and informed decisions it is important to read between the lines of these reports. How is this accomplished? By doing ratio analysis! Commonly the ratios that are examined are debt-to-equity ratio, inventory turnover ratio, operating margin ratio, P/E ratio and working capital. Consider this, well before the Enron scam exploded; several investors were able to smell by examining the ratios that something was wrong with the company. They decided to sell off their stocks and avoided losses. To sum, the intention of the financial statements and management report is to inform the different stakeholders of a business. If these statements are carefully analyzed and understood they help these stakeholders make an informed and ethical decisions.

Consciousness Essay

1. Explain how the use of substances alters a person’s state of consciousness, including depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens. Include in this explanation what happens to the neurotransmitters and body chemicals as well as how you might recognize whether a person at work or in your family is in an altered state of consciousness due to the influence of drugs. Stimulants can be used to speed up the central nervous system making a person fell more alert and aware of their surroundings. Depressants are the opposites and reduce the activity of the nervous system and produce a feeling of calm and/or â€Å"taking the edge off†. Hallucinogenics can be used to make an individual have hallucinations and have distortions in space and time. The use of drugs can cause the neurotransmitters to stop the production of certain chemicals need for healthy brain function. The blockage of second messengers, which are the chemical and electrical process which that occur in the receiving neuron, make the user need to take more of the drug in order to try to reproduce the affect on the brain. Some of the signs of use can be physical such as: rapid weight gain or loss, random eye movement, enlarged pupils, uncontrolled muscle movement, and redness of eyes. Changes and mood and behavior doing things that are out of the norm. Also great shifts in emotional stability from being very excited and happy to being depressed and suicidal. 2. This question has five parts. One of the cornerstones of Freudian theory is the concept of the unconscious not to be confused with the state of being knocked unconscious by a blow to the head or an altered state of consciousness. (a) What did Freud mean by the concept of the unconscious? (b) When is it beneficial for much of our behavior to be unconscious? (c) When is it not beneficial? (d) If much of our behavior is unconscious, can you recognize unconscious behavior in yourself and in others? (e) How would you know behavior was unconsciously driven? Refer Back to Chapter 13, which we studied in Week 6. a) The unconscious mind can guides a persons behavior and cause them to do things their conscious mind does not recognize. b) It is beneficial for  thins such as self preservation and helping us avoid danger and staying alive in search of food, water and shelter. c) When they become dangerous to others because the need for these things are being sought without regard to consequences. d) Some times the can be recognized after the fact when someone goes back and analysis the situation also if we have experienced it before. e) By the ability to recall the decision behind the particular behavior. 3. Group think is a concept that involves individuals abandoning their critical senses and agreeing to group process even when they know it will have disastrous consequences. (Challenger disaster, Enron, Iraq war, etc.). Your will encounter these pressures in your work life and need to be prepared. Have you ever done something in a group that you would not have done if you were alone? What happened? How did you feel? What have you learned from this chapter that might help you avoid this behavior in the future, and avoid group think? I have done things in a group that I would most certainly not do alone. The result were never good, even when I was never reprimanded I was left with a feeling of quilt and remorse. Two thing I think can help me the most in the future is to seek an outside opinion that doesn’t have the same group mentality and also they have an impartial leader whom can see the fact and not the people or personalities. 4. How does prejudice develop and how might it be supported in families and in the work place? Do you believe that you are free from prejudice? After reading this chapter, which of the many factors that cause prejudice do you think is most important to change? Prejudice is seen as an attitude that is formed a through direct instruction, modeling, and other social influences on learning. Basically it is taught from some authority figure in the family or at work. I do not believe that I am prejudice free because I can still find my self making snap judgments about certain people before I truly know them. I think social comparison is most important to change. In order to have true equality I feel it is important to not to tear down one group just to make another feel better about itself.

If We Must Die by Claude McKay. An analysis of his rhyme and rhythm scheme, alliteration and repetition, and animal imagery.

If We Must Die by Claude McKay. An analysis of his rhyme and rhythm scheme, alliteration and repetition, and animal imagery. In the poem "If We Must Die" by Claude McKay, the author cries out to his audience -to his men at arms- to fight back against those that oppress them and are intent to kill them. Though not as rich in poetic symbolism as the poems by Emily Dickinson and George Herbert, McKay's poem evokes a stronger and more inspiring emotional reaction. He achieves this through his rhyme and rhythm scheme, through alliteration and repetition, and through animal imagery. They shall be examined in reverse order.The first two lines of McKay's poem, "If we must die, let it not be like hogs / Hunted and penned in an inglorious spot," establishes an animal theme, which is continued throughout the rest of the poem. McKay reaches out to the audience with intent to inspire them to action. The audience becomes a hunted animal. In lines three and four, "While round us bark the mad and hungry dogs, / Making their mock at our accursed lot," McKay portrays the adversary as a pack of wild dogs intent on killing th e speaker and his "kinsmen."Death Valley Sand Dunes

How Organisms Cope With Biotic Environmental Factors Essay

How Organisms Cope With Biotic Environmental Factors - Essay Example Initially, organisms could survive without oxygen but with the evolution of the life forms, oxygen became inevitable for survival, which could be understood with the help of soft-bodied metazoans. This aids in the development of oxygen growth curve. On the other hand, ozone provides a shield that protects the biotic forms from harmful UV radiations of sunlight, without this shield life would have been impossible on the planet. Evolution of biotic forms from simple to the complex took place in a gradual manner. Single-celled life forms interact with each other, such interaction resulted in an evolutionary impact, as various species evolved due to such meaningful interactions, namely, symbiotic associations and other interactions, animal diversity prevailed. Evolution in life forms generated competition for food and shelter. Those who could survive the competition were considered as evolved and supreme. These organisms started adapting themselves to the environmental modifications and to the kind of food available, consequently, further diverse forms evolved. Eventually, some of the organisms migrated to land and demarcated themselves as land animals while others remained as sea animals. Over the eras, both these forms developed into numerous life forms from Prokaryotes to eukaryotes encompassing invertebrates protists, fungi, to vertebrates encompassing fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Q. 3. Give a detailed account of the structure and differentiation of the fungi. Fungi are the eukaryotic life forms, they occur in filamentous form with the rigid cell wall of chitin (chain of N-acetylglucosamine), and yeast forms with a cell wall made up of mannose, but are devoid of chlorophyll. They are saprophytic, free-living organisms and derive their nutrition from dead, organic matter, by breaking down of complex chemical macromolecules, leading to the spoilage of food, leather, and other organic matter. They diverged from animal Kingdom 1.5 billion years a go. Fungi exist in three forms, which are: 1. Unicellular forms, e.g., yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast). They possess oval, ellipsoidal or rod-shaped morphology. The size is larger than the bacterial cells, they grow on agar as compact colonies. They display asexual mode of reproduction with the birth scar on daughter cell while a bud scar on the mother cell. Budding could be multipolar or bipolar. However, there are certain organisms which are capable of modifying their morphology and physiology so as to form discrete structures such as spores. Further, a swing between the filamentous and yeast forms could also be displayed in Histoplasma capsulatum, these forms are directed by growth conditions such as temperature, nutrient, and oxygen availability. Filamentous in the soil, asexual reproduction leads to conidia formation. Conidia disperse spores which may reach the lungs if inhaled leading to tissue damage and lesions. The yeast form does not produce conidia. 2. Mou lds which are filamentous and proliferate as elongated and branched hyphae called mycelium, which may be vegetative hyphae or aerial hyphae. The growth of the mycelium occur at the tip, they have well-developed vacuoles and vesicles which are involved in elongation.

Morally permissible for abortion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Morally permissible for abortion - Essay Example In this article, two basic assertions will be fortified – one that there are no good grounds to believe that abortion is morally incorrect and secondly, that there are good causes to prove that abortion is morally permissible. Providing a brief critique of a known pro-life argument is deemed necessary before we proceed with the construction of an argument for the moral permissibility of abortion. The eminent anti-abortion philosopher Marquis has stated that â€Å"the future of a standard fetus includes a set of experiences, projects, activities, and such which are identical with the futures of adult human beings and are identical with the futures of young children...it follows that abortion is prima facie seriously wrong.† According to him, killing a fetus is nothing but killing a human being since the fetus is a future resemblance of human being which makes abortion morally wrong. He added that killing a fetus certainly implies a potential loss of value. All pro-life a ctivists believe that killing children and infants is wrong in the same way as it is killing any human being (cited in Marquis 184-185). To counteract the premises of Marquis, Mary A. Warren, a well known pro-abortion feminist philosopher deduces the following anti-abortion argument: 1) It is wrong to kill innocent human beings, 2) fetuses are innocent human beings, and 3) therefore, it is wrong to kill fetuses. ... e biological species Homo sapiens and incorporates not only functioning children and adults, but also fetuses (even very early fetuses) and alive human bodies without working brains (e.g. those in irretrievable comas). The human in the moral sense refers to all beings who are full-grown members of the moral community and includes all but only persons. Warren further states that if ‘human being’ has the same meaning in both the settings then one of them is questionable. The argument either presumes that it is incorrect to kill a fetus simply because it is a homo sapient or it is a member of the moral community. Further arguments are required to clarify the matter since both the claims are controversial. To clarify this matter, Warren next considers whether genetic humanity is sufficient enough for moral humanity.   She asks â€Å"What characteristics entitle an entity to be considered a person [in the moral sense]?† Exemplifying her theory of personhood, Warren s tates that a being or entity to be considered a ‘human being’ or a ‘person’ in the moral sense must possesses most of the following characteristics: ‘(1) Consciousness, (2) Reasoning, (3) Self-motivate activity, (4) communication capability, and (5) the presence of self-concepts and self-awareness’. She further added that the degree of a being’s similarity to a person decides its degree of right to life. In other words, the more resemblance a being holds to a person, the stronger are its consideration for having a right to life, and the stronger its right to life is. On the basis of this theory, she claims that a fetus doesn’t have any similarity to a ‘person’ at any stage of its development to be considered enough for having the right to life (cited in Warren 259-260). Moreover, on the